Italian citizenship is currently governed by Law No. 91 of 05.12.1992, which, unlike the previous Law No. 555/1912, emphasizes individual choice in acquiring or renouncing citizenship and recognizes the right to hold multiple citizenships, unless restricted by international agreements. For citizenship events occurring before 05/12/1992, the provisions of Law No. 555/1912 still apply, except for amendments introduced by Constitutional Court rulings and the 1975 Family Law reforms.
Law No. 94 of 15/07/2009, effective from 08 August 2009 (“Public Security Provisions”), introduced new requirements for citizenship applications by marriage or residence, mandating supporting documentation.
The principles of Italian citizenship are:
- Transmission by descent (“ius sanguinis”);
- Acquisition by birthright (“ius soli”) in certain cases;
- Possibility of multiple citizenship;
- Voluntary declaration for acquisition/renunciation.
Since 16 August 1992 (effective date of Law No. 91/92), acquiring foreign citizenship does not result in the loss of Italian citizenship unless formally renounced (Art. 11, Law No. 91/92), unless overridden by international agreements.